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Questions:-
1. Recently in the run up to Paris climate summit (COP21), Intended Nationally Determined Contributions (INDCs) was in news .What do you understand by INDCs? Discuss India’s contribution towards it.
2. Recently Government of India has released National Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) Policy, 2016. In this context, discuss the objectives of National Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) Policy, 2016 and critically comment on its efficacy.
3. What do you understand by “Left wing extremism”? Discuss the challenges emanating from it to our internal security and suggest measures to tackle the issues.
4. Recently the state of Jammu & Kashmir was in news for all the wrong reasons. Discuss the root causes behind repeated bouts of unrest in this region. In your opinion, what should be the appropriate response from the governments to ensure long lasting peace in the valley?
5. What is the importance of “Net Neutrality”? Discuss its impacts and enumerate the recent policy changes with regard to it and its significance.
6. What do you understand by “Blue Carbon Initiative”? Discuss its significance in combating climate change.
7. What are the impact of climate change on the oceans and oceanic ecosystem? Discuss “ocean acidification” and its effects on the globe in detail.
8. With the rising tide of consumerism and recent revolution in electronics industry have meant that e-wastes are increasingly posing grave challenges to human and environment. The issue of proper management of e-wastes, therefore, is critical to the protection of livelihood, health and environment. Discuss.
9. Recently released UN report has highlighted the human cost of weather related disasters .Discuss.
Also comment on the significance of Sendai Framework for disaster risk reduction.
10. What are “Superbugs”? Discuss how increasing threat of superbugs is a grave danger to the public health and suggest a way forward.
11. Discuss the role of social media in globalizing the terrorism. Suggest measures to counter the propaganda of terrorists.
12. Space technology is increasingly changing the method and means of administration. In light of this,discuss the importance of space technology to bring a paradigm shift in rural economy of India.
13. Increasing anthropogenic intervention in natural processes is transforming rainfall, rather a “natural event” to a “man-made disaster”. In light of this discuss the reasons behind rising instances of urban floods in India and suggest measures to tackle it.
14. With Indian Neutrino Observatory, India is poised to take its rightful place at the helm of neutrino research.Enumerate the significances and advantages of Neutrino research.
15. The cyber world is increasingly becoming important as a governing tool and at the same time it is increasingly being threatened. In light of this discuss the importance of cyber security and India’s preparedness to ensure a safe cyber world.
16. What do you understand by “Money Laundering”? Discuss the various measures brought out by Government of India in order to tackle it.
17. The success of “Digital India” lies is “Digital literacy”. Elucidate.
18. What is “Nano-technology”? Bring out its benefits and applications.
19. Enumerate the reasons behind man-animal conflict. Suggest public policy measures to tackle this issue with “care” so that there can be harmony in co-existence.
20. What do you understand by “Designer babies”? Bring out the various issues attached with it. Discuss its potential benefits.
Thank You
UPSCTREE Team
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[wptelegram-join-channel link=”https://t.me/s/upsctree” text=”Join @upsctree on Telegram”]2021 WEF Global Gender Gap report, which confirmed its 2016 finding of a decline in worldwide progress towards gender parity.
Over 2.8 billion women are legally restricted from having the same choice of jobs as men. As many as 104 countries still have laws preventing women from working in specific jobs, 59 countries have no laws on sexual harassment in the workplace, and it is astonishing that a handful of countries still allow husbands to legally stop their wives from working.
Globally, women’s participation in the labour force is estimated at 63% (as against 94% of men who participate), but India’s is at a dismal 25% or so currently. Most women are in informal and vulnerable employment—domestic help, agriculture, etc—and are always paid less than men.
Recent reports from Assam suggest that women workers in plantations are paid much less than men and never promoted to supervisory roles. The gender wage gap is about 24% globally, and women have lost far more jobs than men during lockdowns.
The problem of gender disparity is compounded by hurdles put up by governments, society and businesses: unequal access to social security schemes, banking services, education, digital services and so on, even as a glass ceiling has kept leadership roles out of women’s reach.
Yes, many governments and businesses had been working on parity before the pandemic struck. But the global gender gap, defined by differences reflected in the social, political, intellectual, cultural and economic attainments or attitudes of men and women, will not narrow in the near future without all major stakeholders working together on a clear agenda—that of economic growth by inclusion.
The WEF report estimates 135 years to close the gap at our current rate of progress based on four pillars: educational attainment, health, economic participation and political empowerment.
India has slipped from rank 112 to 140 in a single year, confirming how hard women were hit by the pandemic. Pakistan and Afghanistan are the only two Asian countries that fared worse.
Here are a few things we must do:
One, frame policies for equal-opportunity employment. Use technology and artificial intelligence to eliminate biases of gender, caste, etc, and select candidates at all levels on merit. Numerous surveys indicate that women in general have a better chance of landing jobs if their gender is not known to recruiters.
Two, foster a culture of gender sensitivity. Take a review of current policies and move from gender-neutral to gender-sensitive. Encourage and insist on diversity and inclusion at all levels, and promote more women internally to leadership roles. Demolish silos to let women grab potential opportunities in hitherto male-dominant roles. Work-from-home has taught us how efficiently women can manage flex-timings and productivity.
Three, deploy corporate social responsibility (CSR) funds for the education and skilling of women and girls at the bottom of the pyramid. CSR allocations to toilet building, the PM-Cares fund and firms’ own trusts could be re-channelled for this.
Four, get more women into research and development (R&D) roles. A study of over 4,000 companies found that more women in R&D jobs resulted in radical innovation. It appears women score far higher than men in championing change. If you seek growth from affordable products and services for low-income groups, women often have the best ideas.
Five, break barriers to allow progress. Cultural and structural issues must be fixed. Unconscious biases and discrimination are rampant even in highly-esteemed organizations. Establish fair and transparent human resource policies.
Six, get involved in local communities to engage them. As Michael Porter said, it is not possible for businesses to sustain long-term shareholder value without ensuring the welfare of the communities they exist in. It is in the best interest of enterprises to engage with local communities to understand and work towards lowering cultural and other barriers in society. It will also help connect with potential customers, employees and special interest groups driving the gender-equity agenda and achieve better diversity.