Dear All,
We have already launched the essay program and 5 tests are already live now.
Here are few details that will clear your doubts:-
- You can write for all the past tests and get reviews for them. You can write in any order you want. We have a very simple motto- if you write and upload or send it to us for review, you will get the review.
- All the past tests have very important topics which can be asked in 2017 or 2018 mains, we are certain of that.
- The topics are written by us. We try to read the pulse of the time and try to breath the same air as UPSC, hence all of our topics are very intuitive and relevant for this exam.
- We conduct brain-storming session among our core members and do due diligence before giving any topic.
- We managed to predict 6 out of 8 essays in MAINS 2016 and that is one of the most difficult task because THERE IS NO SYLLABUS FOR ESSAY.
- The reviews are extra-ordinary ( All of our students who got the review said so)
- Many of our student managed to change their score form 70-90 range to 140 and beyond. Every serious aspirant knows how important this paper can be for securing a rank.
- The program is completely flexible.
- This year, we have even opened Tele-counselling where you can get your doubts clarified post review.
- We are completely accessible and considerate, so don’t hesitate to ask or reach us.
- To facilitate better student experience, we have created a very good student portal (IASTREE). You can communicate with us through the portal as well.
- The program is the most affordable one and we are giving TOPIC WISE strategy as well and no one does that.
So if you want to score beyond 150 in this paper, you must get your pen and paper ready and register for the course. You have to write at least 20 if you seriously want to score beyond 150. If you are already a good writer, then fewer than 20 will be fine but you should read the strategy for each topic.
When you write 20 topics and get reviews for them, the flow, coherence and everything that makes you worried about this paper will fall in line before you appear for the exam. By then, you will be a good writer, naturally.
Registration can be done from here- Click Here
Feel free to reach us in case of any queries.
Thank You
UPSCTREE
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Petrol in India is cheaper than in countries like Hong Kong, Germany and the UK but costlier than in China, Brazil, Japan, the US, Russia, Pakistan and Sri Lanka, a Bank of Baroda Economics Research report showed.
Rising fuel prices in India have led to considerable debate on which government, state or central, should be lowering their taxes to keep prices under control.
The rise in fuel prices is mainly due to the global price of crude oil (raw material for making petrol and diesel) going up. Further, a stronger dollar has added to the cost of crude oil.
Amongst comparable countries (per capita wise), prices in India are higher than those in Vietnam, Kenya, Ukraine, Bangladesh, Nepal, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, and Venezuela. Countries that are major oil producers have much lower prices.
In the report, the Philippines has a comparable petrol price but has a per capita income higher than India by over 50 per cent.
Countries which have a lower per capita income like Kenya, Bangladesh, Nepal, Pakistan, and Venezuela have much lower prices of petrol and hence are impacted less than India.
“Therefore there is still a strong case for the government to consider lowering the taxes on fuel to protect the interest of the people,” the report argued.
India is the world’s third-biggest oil consuming and importing nation. It imports 85 per cent of its oil needs and so prices retail fuel at import parity rates.
With the global surge in energy prices, the cost of producing petrol, diesel and other petroleum products also went up for oil companies in India.
They raised petrol and diesel prices by Rs 10 a litre in just over a fortnight beginning March 22 but hit a pause button soon after as the move faced criticism and the opposition parties asked the government to cut taxes instead.
India imports most of its oil from a group of countries called the ‘OPEC +’ (i.e, Iran, Iraq, Saudi Arabia, Venezuela, Kuwait, United Arab Emirates, Russia, etc), which produces 40% of the world’s crude oil.
As they have the power to dictate fuel supply and prices, their decision of limiting the global supply reduces supply in India, thus raising prices
The government charges about 167% tax (excise) on petrol and 129% on diesel as compared to US (20%), UK (62%), Italy and Germany (65%).
The abominable excise duty is 2/3rd of the cost, and the base price, dealer commission and freight form the rest.
Here is an approximate break-up (in Rs):
a)Base Price | 39 |
b)Freight | 0.34 |
c) Price Charged to Dealers = (a+b) | 39.34 |
d) Excise Duty | 40.17 |
e) Dealer Commission | 4.68 |
f) VAT | 25.35 |
g) Retail Selling Price | 109.54 |
Looked closely, much of the cost of petrol and diesel is due to higher tax rate by govt, specifically excise duty.
So the question is why government is not reducing the prices ?
India, being a developing country, it does require gigantic amount of funding for its infrastructure projects as well as welfare schemes.
However, we as a society is yet to be tax-compliant. Many people evade the direct tax and that’s the reason why govt’s hands are tied. Govt. needs the money to fund various programs and at the same time it is not generating enough revenue from direct taxes.
That’s the reason why, govt is bumping up its revenue through higher indirect taxes such as GST or excise duty as in the case of petrol and diesel.
Direct taxes are progressive as it taxes according to an individuals’ income however indirect tax such as excise duty or GST are regressive in the sense that the poorest of the poor and richest of the rich have to pay the same amount.
Does not matter, if you are an auto-driver or owner of a Mercedes, end of the day both pay the same price for petrol/diesel-that’s why it is regressive in nature.
But unlike direct tax where tax evasion is rampant, indirect tax can not be evaded due to their very nature and as long as huge no of Indians keep evading direct taxes, indirect tax such as excise duty will be difficult for the govt to reduce, because it may reduce the revenue and hamper may programs of the govt.